Administration
Mr. Keeler, Principal
Mrs. Kramas, Assistant Principal

Guidance & Counseling Department
Mrs. Darrow, School Counselor
Ms. DelConte, School Counselor
Mrs. Casler, Guidance Secretary

• Message from School Counselors

• Important Information and Terms

• Schedule Changes, Course Changes, Dropping a Course

• Progress Reports/Report Cards

  Summer School Guidelines

• NYS Course Requirements for Graduation

  NYS Testing Requirements for Graduation

• NYS Regents/Advanced Regents Diploma Requirements

• English Department Courses

• Social Studies Department Courses

• Mathematics Department Courses

• Science Department Courses

• Foreign Language Department Courses

• Navy National Defense Cadet Corp Department Courses

• Business Department Courses

• Family & Consumer Science Courses

• Technology Education Department Courses

  Art Department Courses

• Music Department Electives

• Physical Education Department Courses

Parents and Students,

The education of a student is a responsibility shared by parents, their child and the school. It is important for students and their parents to be fully informed about the requirements for graduation and the courses available in the Central Valley Central School District. We hope that this publication will be helpful as we work together to develop an appropriate academic program for each student. Teacher recommendations, as well as students’ standardized test scores, past report cards, interests and future plans are considered in course selection.

Students in grades 9, 10 and 11 can use the Four-Year Planning Worksheet form in the back of this handbook to help prepare for the upcoming scheduling process. Students should also check graduation requirements very carefully to make sure they have met or continue to meet all necessary graduation requirements.

We are available to answer questions about the scheduling process, as well as what might be required to achieve educational and career goals. We look forward to working with you and helping to plan your future!

• Unit of Credit – A unit is the amount of credit you earn when you pass a course. A subject that meets every day for 40 minutes for the entire year earns 1 (one) unit of credit; a subject that meets every day for 40 minutes for half a year earns .5 (one half) unit of credit; and a subject that meets every other day for the entire year earns .5 (one half) unit of credit.

• Scheduling Load – All students are required to take a minimum of 6.5 (six and a half) credits each year, including Physical Education.

• Prerequisite – A course that you must complete as a sensible requirement before taking another course.

• Required Courses – Courses that must be passed in order to meet Graduation Requirements.

• Elective Courses – Courses that students choose to take according to their interests and needs.

• Advanced Placement Courses – College-level courses that are taught by CVA faculty. College Credit may be earned depending on the score on the AP Exam taken in May and depending on the policies at the college the student decides to attend. The estimated cost of the exam is $90-95 each year. There is financial assistance for students meeting eligibility requirements.

• College Now Courses – Herkimer College courses taught by CVA faculty members. In order to receive college credit and an official transcript from the college, students must attend an information session and register for the course.

• Passing Grade – For all subjects is 65%.

• Honors Courses – Certain high school subjects are offered to students who are ready for the challenge. The courses will earn high school credit.

Planning a schedule to meet the needs of all students takes a great deal of time and effort. Each parent and student together will need to make choices that they believe will be in the best interest of the student for the following year. It is expected that students will remain in the courses that have been chosen unless a major academic change occurs. When a student enrolls in specific courses, it is considered a commitment that they will remain in the course.

Scheduling changes are made on the request of the student and parent in consultation with the counselor and the approval of the principal for valid academic reasons. Students must use the “Request for Schedule Change” form obtained from their counselor. Schedule changes made after the end of the previous school year must be approved by the principal after consulting with the counselor, parents and student. This does not include a change due to mistakes.

In some circumstances, a student may apply to add or drop a course at the midpoint of the school year. Once that period passes at the second semester, a student MUST complete the course. If a student changes courses at the midyear, the report card will be marked WP (Withdraw Passing) or WF (Withdraw Failing). The drop/add period is the first week of each semester.

A Progress report will be mailed at the end of the 5th, 15th, 25th and 35th week of school to advise parents of their son/daughter’s progress in school. These reports are designed to make parents aware of their child’s academic growth. Parents are invited to confer with a counselor or teacher at any time.

Students are graded numerically four times during the school year. Report cards will be issued at the end of the 10th, 20th, 30th and 40th week of school. All report cards are mailed directly to the student’s home. Report of grades is a summary of achievement. Sixty-five (65%) is the minimum passing grade. Individual teacher comments will be on the report card. Parents are invited to confer with the school at any time. Passing a Regents exam does not entitle a student to course credit. A student must achieve a final course average of 65% or higher to be awarded course credit.

The Honor Roll is based on quarterly averages:

• Principal’s Honor Roll:       95.00 – 100

• High Honor Roll:     90.00 – 94.99

• Honor Roll:               85.00 – 89.99

Policy # 1: A student in grades 9-12 may not take a full year, one-credit course for the first time in summer school.

Policy #2: If a student attends summer school, to repeat a course, in order to receive course credit, the student must achieve a passing grade derived from an average of the following four (4) sources:

1. Final school average (from the current school year).

2. First 15-day average for summer school.

3. Second 15-day average for summer school.

4. Final test given in summer school.

In addition to these required courses, students planning their course selections must select additional credits from the Elective Courses available this year. The total number of credits must be at least 6.5 credits. Students may select more if they wish.

Regents Diploma (Passing grade 65): Five (5) required Regents exams with a score of 65 or better as follows:

• Humanities Pathway: 1 Math, 1 Science, ELA, Global History and Geography and U.S. History and Government

• STEM Pathway: One additional Regents exam in a different course in mathematics or science. Examples: 2 Math, 1 Science, ELA and 1 History OR 1 Math, 2 Science, ELA and 1 History

• CTE Pathway: A career and technical education pathway assessment approved by the Commissioner, following successful completion of an approved CTE program (Herkimer BOCES approved programs include Building Construction, Culinary Hospitality and Automotive Technology). Example: 1 Math, 1 Science, ELA, 1 History and a CTE assessment

• Arts Pathway & Bi-literacy Pathway: (No tests currently approved at CVA)

Regents Diploma with Advanced Designation (Passing grade 65)

• 8 required Regents exams with a score of 65 or better as follows: 3 Math, 2 Science, ELA, Global History and Geography, US History and Government; and either a locally developed Checkpoint B LOTE examination or a 5-unit sequence in the Arts or CTE.

Regents Diploma with Honors or Regents Diploma with Advanced Designation with Honors:

• A student may earn a Regents Diploma with Honors if they score an average of 90% or above on the 5 Regents Exams needed for a Regents Diploma

• A student may earn a Regents Diploma with Advanced Designation with Honors if the Student achieves an average of 90% in all 8 Regents needed for an Advanced Designation Regents Diploma.

Note: Each Regents grade is averaged at the same weight of one, and scores below 90.0 shall not be rounded upward to 90% (Source: New York State Education Department)

Regents Diploma with Advanced Designation with an annotation that denotes Mastery in Math:

• Meets all assessment requirements for the Regents with Advanced Designation and, in addition, scores 85 or better on each of 3 Regents Examinations in Mathematics

Regents Diploma with Advanced Designation with an annotation that denotes Mastery in Science:

• Meets all assessment requirements for the Regents with Advanced Designation and, in addition, scores 85 or better on each of 3 Regents Examinations in Science.

Local Diploma (Students with Disabilities with an IEP and some students with a Section 504 Accommodation Plan):

• Low Pass Safety Net Option 1: 5 required Regents exams with a score of 55 or better (Students can choose a Humanities, STEM or CTE Pathway)

• Compensatory Safety Net Option: Scores between 45-54 on one or more of the five Required Regents exams, other than the English language arts (ELA) or mathematics exam, but compensates the low score with a score of 65 or higher on another required Regents exam. Note: a score of at least 55 must be earned on both the ELA and mathematics exams. A score of 65 or higher on a single examination may not be used to compensate for more than one examination for which a score of 45-54 is earned.

The English Department will meet the 1st or 2nd week of September and check all rosters to make sure students have met the prerequisites. If students are in a class and do NOT meet the prerequisites, then they will be dropped from that course.

English 9 — 9th Grade — 1 credit

This course addresses the four components of language instruction. Students will read, write, listen and speak for a variety of purposes. These skills will be applied to literary response, critical analysis, and situations involving social interaction. Writing is coordinated with reading and developed through skill activities and process writing. There is a focus on expository research, vocabulary development, literary analysis and reading skills. The required literature includes nonfiction (biographies, essays and memoirs), fiction, poetry and drama. Oral presentations may also be required.

English 9 (Honors) — 9th Grade — 1 credit

This course offers a deeper study of prose and poetry with an emphasis on PSAT/SAT vocabulary. A number of classics and expository works will be explored and students will be assigned writing tasks that will prepare them for advanced classes. Prerequisite: Students must have a teacher recommendation and/or a 90 or above average in English 8.

English 10 — 10th Grade — 1 credit

Students will read from a variety of novels, learn literary elements in the context of the works read, and will also be taught vocabulary in the context of student reading. Students may read poetry selections in conjunction with whatever fiction or nonfiction work is being read. Students will also read the play Julius Caesar and will be expected to complete an MLA formatted research paper at some point during the year. Students will complete argumentative essays, text analysis responses, and various reading comprehension activities throughout the year in preparation for the Common Core Exam.

English 10 (Honors) — 10th Grade — 1 credit

The English 10H curriculum is essentially the same as English 10, in that we will be reading the same texts and working on the same types of reading worksheets/notetaking. In addition, English 10H students might be reading The Scarlet Letter, The Crucible, and/or other texts. Along with each text completed, students will write essays. Students will be asked to complete ancillary reading and writing assignments. Prerequisite: Students must have a teacher recommendation and/or a 90 or above average in English 9.

English 11 CC (R) — 11th Grade — 1 credit

Literature includes novels, short stories, drama, poetry and a variety of non-fiction forms. Composition is integrated with and in response to the reading and discussion of various forms of literature and encompasses a variety of expositive, persuasive and imaginative forms. The writing process is emphasized and grammar instruction is integrated through composition. Group discussion, analysis and personal response are stressed. The English Language Arts Common Core Exam is administered at the middle of the course in January.

English 11 CC (R) (Honors) — 11th Grade — 1 credit

This course will encompass literature and written expression vital for the ELA Common Core Regents exam. The students will read classic works of literature in addition to non-fiction and poetry. The course will incorporate descriptive, persuasive, expository and research writing as well as a focus on the close reading and analysis of passages. The second half of the course will help prepare students for AP English. This class will move at a faster pace than a regular English 11 class would. Prerequisite: Students must have taken the English Common Core Regents exam AND passed.

English 12 — 12th Grade — 1 credit

This is a college preparatory course designed to have students approach, interpret and comprehend literature on a higher level. There is an emphasis on the establishment and improvement of the following skills: close reading and analysis, thoughtful expression, writing in various forms, speaking, listening and presenting.

College English 111 – Composition (CN) — 12th Grade — .5 credit/3 college credits

This course is designed as an intensive writing course that covers the following stages of writing: preliminary thought and discussion, research, organization, writing, revising and editing. Students produce at least 10 essays of formal prose intended for a critical reader, as well as, at least 15 pages of informal work, such as a personal journal. Students work in traditional rhetorical forms and write a research paper. Prerequisite: Students must earn at least an 85 average in English 11 AND a score of at least an 80 on the ELA Common Core Regents exam.

College English 112 – Literature (CN) — 12th Grade — . 5 credit/3 college credits

This course is designed as an introduction to literary genres, leading to a greater appreciation of fiction, poetry, and drama. Prerequisite: Students must earn at least an 85 average in English 11, AND a score of at least an 80 on the ELA Common Core Regents exam, as wells as pass College English 111.

AP English – Language & Composition — 11th-12th Grade — 1 credit/3-6 college credits

In the AP Language and Composition, students are engaged in the careful reading of literary works. Through such study, they sharpen their awareness of language and their understanding of the writer's craft with a focus on rhetoric. They develop critical standards for the independent appreciation of any literary work, and they increase their sensitivity to language generally. Writing assignments will focus on the critical analysis of literature and will include essays in exposition and argument. Assignments in personal narrative and the writing of stories, poems or plays may also be appropriate in achieving the goals of effective use of language and the organization of ideas in a clear, coherent and persuasive way. While potential enrollees should be capable students, motivation and commitment to serious study is just as important for success in this rigorous and demanding course. Students are expected to take the AP exam in May. Literary works that are studied include 1984, Anthem, One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest, as well as numerous non-fiction texts. Prerequisite: Students must have an 85 or higher on the English Regents to be allowed in this class. If they are entering this class for the first time as a 12th grader, then they must have achieved an 85 or higher on the Regents exam, AND a 90 overall average in English 11.

AP English – Literature & Composition — 12th Grade — 1 credit/3-6 college credits

The AP English Literature and Composition course aligns to an introductory college-level literary analysis course. The course engages students in the close reading and critical analysis of imaginative literature to deepen their understanding of the ways writers use language to provide both meaning and pleasure. As they read, students consider a work’s structure, style, and themes, as well as its use of figurative language, imagery, symbolism, and tone. Writing assignments include expository, analytical, and argumentative essays that require students to analyze and interpret literary works. Prerequisite: Students must have an overall average of a 90 in English 11, AND an 85 or higher on the English Regents exam. If a student is coming from AP Language, then they must have an overall average of an 85 in AP Language and Composition, or placement will be based on teacher discretion.

AP Capstone: AP Seminar & AP Research — 10th-12th Grade — 1 credit

AP Capstone™ is a diploma program based on two year-long AP courses: AP Seminar and AP Research. These courses are designed to complement other AP courses that the AP Capstone student may take. Instead of teaching specific subject knowledge, AP Seminar and AP Research use an interdisciplinary approach to develop the critical thinking, research, collaboration, time management, and presentation skills students need for college-level work. The College Board developed the AP Capstone Diploma program at the request of higher education professionals, who saw a need for a systematic way for high school students to begin mastering these skills before college. Students who earn scores of 3 or higher in AP Seminar and AP Research and on four additional AP Exams of their choosing receive the AP Capstone Diploma™. Students who earn scores of 3 or higher in AP Seminar and AP Research but not on four additional AP Exams receive the AP Seminar and Research Certificate™.

AP Seminar — 10th-12th Grade — 1 credit/3-6 college credits

AP Seminar is a year-long course that has students investigate real-world issues from multiple perspectives. Students learn to synthesize information from different sources, develop their own lines of reasoning in research-based written essays, and design and deliver oral and visual presentations, both individually and as part of a team. It is the first course of the AP Capstone experience.

AP Research — 10th 12th Grade — 1 credit/3-6 college credits

AP Research, the second course in the AP Capstone experience, allows students to deeply explore an academic topic, problem, issue, or idea of individual interest. Students design, plan, and implement a yearlong investigation to address a research question. Through this inquiry, they further the skills they acquired in the AP Seminar course by learning research methodology, employing ethical research practices, and accessing, analyzing, and synthesizing information. Students reflect on their skill development, document their processes, and curate the artifacts of their scholarly work through a process and reflection portfolio. The course culminates in an academic paper of 4,000–5,000 words (accompanied by a performance, exhibit, or product where applicable) and a presentation with an oral defense. Prerequisite: Students must take AP Seminar to be allowed into this course.

Journalism — 11th -12th Grade — .5 credit

This is an introductory course on the principles and practices of journalism. The course includes: fact-gathering, developing interviewing skills, writing news stories, determining newsworthiness, studying and applying editing skills, and journalistic styles. Students will also be using and applying the techniques of writing headlines and captions.

Movies & Documentaries — 11th -12th Grade — .5 credit

There are many videos and films that deal with important social issues. The films/documentaries will be viewed. Discussion and debate will be the focus of the class.

Sports & Society — 11th -12th Grade — .5 credit

A study of literary works from a sporting perspective. Choices include Brian's Song, The Winner Within, Eight Men Out, Hoop Dreams and player/athlete biographies. There will be a focus on the theme of the human spirit overcoming struggles and obstacles through involvement with teams and sports. The core concept of the course is a reflection on how sports impact our society.

Public Speaking (CN) — 11th -12th Grade — .5 credit/3 college credits

Students will be introduced to public speaking as an important component of their academic, work and social lives. They will study public speaking occasions and develop skills as fair and critical listeners, or consumers, of spoken information and persuasion. They will look at many types of speeches (informative, persuasive, dramatic and special occasion), read and listen to models of speeches, and prepare and present their own speeches to diverse audiences. Students will learn to choose speaking topics and adapt them for specific audiences, to research and support their ideas and to benefit from listener feedback. They will also study how to incorporate well-designed visual and multimedia aids in presentations and how to maintain a credible presence in the digital world. The ethics of public speaking will be taught, as well as exploration of techniques for managing communication anxiety.

SAT Prep English — 10th-12th Grade — .25 credit

This class is designed for students who are preparing to take the PSAT/SAT exams. This class will focus on the format of the test and how the test is graded. Grammar, mechanics, usage, vocabulary and close reading will be focal points of the class in order to ensure student success. Testing tips and modeling will be provided.

Monsters in Literature & Film (Goth Horror Literature) — 10th-12th Grade — 1 credit

In this course we will examine Gothic fiction, sometimes called Gothic Horror. It is a genre of literature that covers horror, death, and at times, romance. We will study the works of Edgar Allan Poe, Mary Shelly (Frankenstein), along with other authors who covered this genre.

Global History & Geography 1 — 9th Grade — 1 credit

The first year of a two-year sequence begins with a chronological approach to the survey of world history. Students study the Ancient World (4000 BC-500 AD), Expanding Zones of Exchange and Encounter (500-1200 AD), Global Interaction (1220-1650 AD), and the First Global Age (1450-1770 AD). This course will continue in the 10th grade year and culminate in the Global History and Geography Regents Exam.

Global History & Geography 1 (Honors) — 9th Grade — 1 credit

This course is for students that have strong academic skills who are planning on taking AP and College Now courses, preparing for college. The course uses the same content curriculum as regular Global History 1, but deals with it much more in depth with a focus on critical thinking, written expression and independent research to prepare them for the higher level courses.

Global History & Geography 2 (R) — 10th Grade — 1 credit

This course completes the chronological study of the rest of world history. The study focuses on the Age of Revolution (1750-1914), a Half-Century of Crisis and Achievement (1900-1945), the Twentieth Century since 1945, and on-going current global connections and interactions. The Global History and Geography Regents Exam is administered at the conclusion of the course in June. Prerequisite: Global History and Geography 1

Global History & Geography 2 (R) (Honors)
Western Civilization I (CN) — 10th Grade — 1 credit/3 college credits

This course is for students that have strong academic skills who are planning on taking AP and College Now courses, preparing for college and have had strong success in 9th grade. The course uses the same content curriculum as regular Global History 2, but deals with it much more in depth with a focus on critical thinking, written expression and independent research. This course also helps focus a student’s thought process on establishing a point of view in their writing, a skill they will need to succeed in the AP History courses and in college.

AP World History (R) Western Civilization II (CN) — 10th Grade — 1 credit/3 college credits

The purpose of the AP World History course is to develop greater understanding of the evolution of global processes and contacts in different types of human societies. This understanding is advanced through a combination of selective factual knowledge and appropriate analytical skills. The course highlights the nature of changes in global frameworks and their causes and consequences, as well as comparisons among major societies. It emphasizes relevant factual knowledge, leading interpretive issues, and skills in analyzing types of historical evidence. Periodization, explicitly discussed, forms an organizing principle to address change and continuity throughout the course. Specific themes provide further organization to the course, along with consistent attention to contacts among societies that form the core of world history as a field of study. The students will take the Advanced Placement exam in May in World History; students will pay for the examination.

United States History & Geography (R) — 11th Grade — 1 credit

The course is organized chronologically, thus the history of the United States is put into a time reference. The emphasis is on post-Civil War history and the United States as an industrial nation. There is also a government unit that covers the Constitution and the Bill of Rights. The United States History and Government Regents Exam is administered at the conclusion of the course in June. Prerequisite: Global History and Geography 2 (R)

AP U.S. History (R) (CN) — 11th Grade — 1 credit/3-6 college credits

This course is for students that have a strong background, preparation and interest in United States History. Students will be recommended for this course based on academic preparation, motivation, ability and the recommendation of previous instructors as part of the admissions criteria. Students will take a look at the U.S. History they have studied in the past from a rigorous new chronological and thematic view of the American experience. The course is designed to provide the student with materials such as primary source and secondary source documents from which students can do evaluative critical study. The students will take the Advanced Placement exam in May in U.S. History; students will pay for the examination. The course offers the college-bound student the opportunity to take a college level course during high school and depending upon his/her performance on the AP exam and the college selected, the student may accrue credit or advanced standing for the course.

Economics — 12th Grade — .5 credit

This 20-week course emphasizes economics and economic decision-making. It includes the basic economic concepts and understandings which all persons need to function effectively and intelligently as citizens and participant in the economics of the United States and the world. A rational decision-making process that can be applied to all economic decisions becomes the focus of this course.

Participation in Government — 12th Grade — .5 credit

This 20-week course is designed to encourage students to become involved in governmental process and teach them how to become effective participants in our society. The course of study examines the American political process, the rationale and procedures for becoming involved, and the results that can be anticipated. Students will concentrate on identifying, prescribing, evaluating and forecasting public policy issues at all levels and jurisdictions of government.

American Government (CN) — 12th Grade — .5 credit/3 college credits

This course is designed to introduce students to the United States government by examining the Constitution, the Supreme Court, Congress, the President, the electoral process, political parties and interest groups. Civil liberties and the struggle for equal rights will also be discussed

Macroeconomics (CN) — 12th Grade — .5 credit/3 college credits

This course is designed to familiarize students with the economy as a whole including such topics as national income, inflation, production and employment, money and banking, supply and demand, fiscal and monetary policy, economic growth and development and international trade.

Local History — 10th-12th Grade — .5 credit

This 20-week survey course traces the local history of the Mohawk Valley through the 20th century. Emphasis is placed on the area's Indian culture, early European settlements in Herkimer County, the impact of wars on the area, the effect of the Erie Canal, along with a general examination of events and personalities important to our local development. Original student research of local history is encouraged.

Civil War & Reconstruction — 11th-12th Grade — .5 credit

This 20-week course provides students with the opportunity to study the Civil War and Reconstruction Eras in detail. It will cover the political, economic and social causes of the Civil War, major battles of the Civil War, and the successes and failures of Reconstruction, as well as numerous other topics related to the time period. A variety of media (movies, documentaries, PowerPoint presentations, and primary source documents) will be used to analyze this period in history. Prerequisite: U.S. History and Government OR permission of instructor.

Historical Films I (up to and including WWI) — 11th-12th Grade — .5 credit
Historical Films II (WWI to present) — 11th-12th Grade — .5 credit

The goals of this course are to expose the students to the relationship between popular culture and foreign policy in a democratic system, such as the United States. Students will learn to analyze films and place them into historical context. The students will explore the important technological and cinematic innovations of historical films within their cultural contexts and examinations of theoretical issues such as objectivity and the blurred line between fact and fiction. The students will learn the skills necessary for the critical evaluation and interpretation of historical films. Some writing will be required in the course.

Military History I — 11th-12th Grade — .5 credit

This course is designed to familiarize the student with the background, the political struggles, the campaigns, the battle strategies and the aftermath of the Napoleonic Wars. Students will be challenged to understand the Napoleonic Wars through lectures, research, research assignments and simulations. Prerequisite: Global History 2

Military History II — 11th-12th Grade — .5 credit

This course is an extension of Military History I, but can be taken separately. The purpose of this course is the study of the military development of Europe, focusing on World War I and World War II. Students will be challenged to understand the World Wars through lectures, research assignments and simulations. Prerequisite: Global History 2

Psychology — 11th-12th Grade — .5 credit

This course is designed to familiarize students with the major divisions of psychology including physiology, learning, perception, motivation, emotion, personality, adjustment and abnormal behavior. Attention is focused on the mastery of basic concepts and theories, along with support research and application.

Algebra 1 CC A — 9th Grade — 1 credit

This course is designed to prepare students for the Algebra Common Core Regents Exam. CC A is the first 60% of the material covered in Algebra 1 CC (R). Topics covered include equations, expressions, functions, sequences, linear equations, linear inequalities and exponents. A local exam will be administered with the completion of this course in June. Upon passing CC A, students will then take Algebra 1 CC B (R) the following year and take the Regents Exam at the end of CC B.

Algebra 1 CC B (R) — 10th Grade — 1 credit

This is the SECOND course in the two-year Regents sequence. The CC A topics will be reviewed and then the remaining 40% of the course material not covered in Algebra 1 CC A will be introduced and mastered by the students. The students will take the Algebra 1 CC Regents exam in June. Students passing the Regents exam will earn 1 regents credit. Students not passing the Regents but having a passing final school average will earn 1 local credit.

Algebra 1 CC (R) — 9th Grade — 1 credit

This is the first course in the three-year Regents mathematics sequence. It is designed for students of average and above average ability and will assist them in developing skills and processes to be applied using a variety of techniques to solve problems in a variety of settings. Problem situations may result in all types of linear equations in one variable, quadratic functions with integral coefficients and roots as well as absolute value and exponential functions. Students will solve problems requiring right triangle trigonometry, elementary probability theory will be used to determine the probability of independent, dependent and mutually exclusive events. Students will take the Integrated Algebra CC Regents Exam in June.

Intermediate Geometry CC — 10th-11th Grade — 1 credit

This course is designed for the student that successfully completed Algebra 1 CC (R) but not the Algebra 1 CC Regents Exam. The first half of the course will be review of the Algebra 1 CC material in effort to prepare the student for the Regents Exam in January. The second half will be an introduction to regents-level Geometry topics to prepare the student for Geometry CC (R) the following year. A local exam will be administered with the completion of this course in June.

Geometry CC (R) — 9th-11th Grade — 1 credit

This course is the second in the three-year mathematics Regents program. Designed for students who have successfully completed Algebra 1 CC (R) and the Algebra 1 CC Regents exam. Topics include geometric relationships, constructions, locus, informal and formal proofs, transformation geometry and coordinate geometry. A Regents Geometry Exam will be given at the end of this course.

Intermediate Algebra 2 CC — 10th-12th Grade — 1 credit

This course is designed for the student that successfully completed Algebra 1 CC (R), the Algebra 1 CC Regents Exam, Geometry CC (R) but not the Geometry CC Regents Exam. The first half of the course will be review of the Geometry CC material in effort to prepare the student for the Regents Exam in January. The second half will be an introduction to regents-level Algebra 2 topics to prepare the student for Algebra 2 CC (R) the following year. A local exam will be administered with the completion of this course in June.

Algebra 2 CC (R) — 10th-12th Grade  — 1 credit

This course completes the three-year mathematics Regents program. Designed for students who have successfully completed Geometry CC (R) and the Geometry CC Regents Exam. Topics include an extension of all topics covered in Geometry along with complex numbers, exponential and logarithmic functions, circular functions, transformation geometry and applications to group theory. An Algebra 2 CC Regents Exam is given at the end of this course.

Intermediate Pre-Calculus — 11th-12th Grade — 1 credit

This course is designed for the student that successfully completed Algebra 1 CC (R), the Algebra 1 CC Regents Exam, Geometry CC (R), the Geometry CC Regents Exam, Algebra 2 CC (R) but not the Algebra 2 CC Regents Exam. The first half of the course will be review of the Algebra 2 CC material in effort to prepare the student for the Regents Exam in January. The second half will be an introduction to College Now level Pre-Calculus to prepare the student for the College Now Pre-Calculus the following year. A local exam will be administered with the completion of this course in June.

Pre-Calculus (CN) — 11th-12th Grade — 1 credit/3 college credits

This course is designed for students who have good mathematical skills, have a desire to pursue mathematics in college, and have completed the Regents program. The course reviews topics covered in Trigonometry and includes topics in advanced algebra, matrices and determinants, mathematical systems, squares and series, formal limits, analytical geometry, and an introduction to differential and integral calculus. The study of polynomial, rational, trigonometric, logarithmic and exponential functions; in particular, the algebra and the curve sketching techniques involved with these functions. Prerequisite: Algebra 2 CC (R)

AP Calculus AB (CN) — 11th-12th Grade — 1 credit/3 college credits

This course is suggested for students intending to go to college in engineering or who expect to do college level work in science or mathematics. Liberal arts majors and others in colleges are often expected to take calculus as freshman and this course is an excellent preparation. The course covers topics of functions, analytic geometry, limits, differential and integral calculus, generally following the Advanced Placement AB syllabus. The course balances theoretical vigor with important applications. Students are expected to take the AP Exam in May. Students pay their own examination fee. Depending on the score on the exam and the college selected, a student may receive advanced standing and/or credit for calculus. In any case, the opportunity to take a college level course at the high school level puts students at an advantage when they take calculus in college.

AP Calculus BC (CN) — 12th Grade — 1 credit/3 college credits

Explore the key concepts, methods, and applications of single-variable calculus including all topics covered in AP Calculus AB (functions, graphs, and limits, derivatives, integrals, and the Fundamental Theorem of Calculus) as well as additional topics in differential and integral calculus, such as parametric, polar and vector functions, and series.

Mathematical Statistics I (CN) — 11th-12th Grade — 1 credit/3 college credits

This course is designed to explore topics from descriptive and inferential statistics: graphing, measure, of central tendency and variation, probability, Central Limit Theorem, estimation, the binomial distribution, the normal distribution, and hypothesis testing. The laboratory provides hands-on technology experience using a statistical software package. Skill in elementary algebra is required. Prerequisite: Algebra2/Trigonometry (R)

Contemporary Math (CN) — 11th-12th Grade — 1 credit/3 college credits

This course is designed to provide students with a liberal arts math full of relevance and applications. Topics include problem-solving and critical thinking, set theory, logic, number theory and the real number system. Optional topics include: Equations, inequalities, geometry, counting method, probability and statistics. Prerequisite: Pass Integrated Algebra CC Regents

SAT Prep Mathematics — 11th-12th Grade — .25 credit

This class is designed for students who are preparing to take the PSAT/SAT exams. This class will focus on the format of the test and how the test is graded. Pertinent math topics related to the SAT Mathematics test will be covered. Testing tips and modeling will be provided.

Note: Students are required to complete a minimum of 1200 minutes of laboratory activities and submit satisfactory written reports to be eligible to take the Regents Examination at the end of any Regents Science course.

Living Environment (R — 9th Grade — 1 credit

This course is the branch of science that investigates the origin, structure, function and distribution of life forms, both plant and animal. The course has seven major units: unity and diversity among living things, biochemistry, human physiology, reproduction and development, heredity and biochemical genetics, evolution and ecology. The successful completion of at least 1200 minutes of laboratory work is required. The Living Environment Regents exam is administered at the conclusion of the course in June.

Earth Science (R) — 9th-10th Grade — 1 credit

This course follows the state syllabus, emphasizing the earth science content areas of astronomy, meteorology, and geology and geologic history. The focus is on basic scientific processes and concepts and includes 1 laboratory period, which is a significant part of the course. A student must complete a minimum of 1200 minutes of labs in order to be eligible to take the Earth Science Regents exam at the end of the course in June.

Chemistry (R) — 10th-11th Grade  — 1 credit

This course presents the modern view of chemistry with a study of the underlying principles related to facts of the physical environment. Among the concepts covered are: matter and energy, atomic structure, chemical bonding, periodicity of chemical elements, kinetics and equilibrium, acid and base theories, electrochemistry, organic chemistry and nuclear chemistry. Because of the mathematical background necessary for this Regents course, students should have successfully completed Geometry and be enrolled in and/or have completed Trigonometry.

Physics (R) — 11th-12th Grade — 1 credit

A rigorous course emphasizing the fundamental laws of nature on which all science is based. The course covers a range of physics topics including: classical mechanics, energy, electricity & magnetism, waves & light, and modern physics. Open to all students who want to expand their knowledge and highly recommended for any student considering a future in any STEM field.
Regents Physics Lab: Co-requisite of Regents Physics with laboratory experiments and activities designed to coincide with and reinforce the physics curriculum. Students will become familiar with and use high-tech sensors and equipment as well as computers to complete many of the labs. Prerequisite: Integrated Algebra (R)

AP Physics C: Mechanics — 11th-12th Grade — 1 credit/3 college credits

Explore concepts such as kinematics; Newton’s laws of motion, work, energy, and power; systems of particles and linear momentum; rotation; oscillations; and gravitation. You’ll do hands-on laboratory work and in-class activities to investigate phenomena and use calculus to solve problems. Note: Save your lab notebooks and reports; colleges may ask to see them before granting you credit.

AP Biology — 11th-12th Grade — 1 credit

This course includes topics regularly covered in a college-level biology course. It aims to provide students with the conceptual framework, factual knowledge and analytical skills necessary to deal critically with the changing science of biology. Topics include: the chemistry of life, cells and energetics, heredity and molecular genetics, evolutionary biology, diversity of organisms, structure and function of plants and animals, and ecology. Students will take the AP Exam in May. Prerequisites: Chemistry (R) and Algebra 2 CC (R) OR currently enrolled in them

AP Physics C: Mechanics — 11th-12th Grade —1 credit/3 college credits

Explore concepts such as kinematics; Newton’s laws of motion, work, energy, and power; systems of particles and linear momentum; rotation; oscillations; and gravitation. You’ll do hands-on laboratory work and in-class activities to investigate phenomena and use calculus to solve problems. Note: Save your lab notebooks and reports; colleges may ask to see them before granting you credit.

Anatomy and Physiology (CN) — 11th-12th Grade — 1 credit/3 college credits

This course addresses Math/Science and Technology Standards at the commencement level (1,2,4). It is designed to parallel a college-level course and has six units of study relating to the human body: levels of organizations, support and movement, integration and coordination, processing and transport, human life cycles, modern genetics. There is an extensive lab experience built into this course that involves dissection and other activities. College Now credit is available through Herkimer College. Prerequisite: Advanced Science Courses

Ecology — 11th-12th Grade — 1 credit

Ecology is a full-year course focusing on understanding the impacts on the environment around us. Students will participate in projects to assess the stability of an environment, estimate population sizes of local plants and wildlife, learn about local environmental issues and try to improve ecological problems. Written papers, poster projects, and PowerPoint presentations will be used to present research and work. Prerequisites: Earth Science (R) and Living Environment (R)

Applied Science — 11th-12th Grade — 1 credit

A third-year science course with a concentration on physical sciences, specifically; mechanics, energy and robotics. The course is designed with a hands-on approach, using activities to teach and model the concepts of physical science.

Astronomy — 10th-12th Grade — .5 credit

This course serves as an introduction to astronomy. Course topics include: observations of the changing night sky, the historical development of astronomy, exploration of our solar system, stars and stellar evolution, galaxies and cosmology.

Science in Fiction — 10th-12th Grade — .5 credit

This class is designed as an interdisciplinary approach to teach science concepts from fiction books by popular authors (such as Kathy Reichs, Patricia Cornwell, H.G Wells, and Stephanie Meyers), movies, TV shows and laboratory activities. The science units covered are forensics, anatomy and physiology, medical mystery/disease processes, time travel, earth processes and space. Commencement level reading, writing of lab reports, book reports and reflection papers are required in this course.

Forensic Science — 10th-12th Grade — .5 credit

This class covers human osteology in order to identify the age, sex and ethnicity of victims, crime scene discovery, processing of evidence, fingerprinting, handwriting analysis, reconstruction of crime scenes, preparing of lab results and reports, and ability to defend results at mock trial.

Computer Architecture — 11th-12th Grade — .5 credit

Students will learn the details about how the components in a modern computer work, the technologies used by different hardware companies, how hardware and software interact, the binary number system, and many other things. Students will get a hands-on look at the inside of a computer and will be able to dissect the individual components

Video Game Programming — 11th-12th Grade — 1 credit

This course will teach students many of the basic principles of computer programming. Students will also learn, through the creation of 2D and 3D videogames, to think in a scientific and logical way, as they troubleshoot and debug their programs and learn to trace through their code to find and correct errors. This course will be largely hands-on. Students will practice programming techniques as they re-create games created by the instructor. This course will teach students many of the concepts they would not normally learn until their first computer science course in college.

Computer Programming — 11th-12th Grade — 1 credit

This course will teach students many of the basic principles of computer programming, such as basic propositional logic, iterative loops, input and output functions, recursion, image manipulation, n-dimensional arrays, use of variables, functions, methods, subroutines, random number generators and more. Students will also learn, through the creation of 2D and 3D videogames, to think in a scientific and logical way, as they troubleshoot and debug their programs and learn to trace through their code both mentally and on paper. This course will be largely hands-on. Students will practice programming techniques as they re-create games created by the instructor. This course will teach students many of the concepts they would not normally learn until their first computer science course in college

AP Computer Science A — 11th-12th Grade — 1 credit

AP Computer Science A is equivalent to a first-semester, college-level course in computer science. The course introduces students to computer science with fundamental topics that include problem solving, design strategies and methodologies, organization of data (data structures), approaches to processing data (algorithms), analysis of potential solutions, and the ethical and social implications of computing. The course emphasizes both object-oriented and imperative problem solving and design using Java language. These techniques represent proven approaches for developing solutions that can scale up from small, simple problems to large, complex problems. The AP Computer Science A course curriculum is compatible with many CS1 courses in colleges and universities.

Spanish 1 — 9th Grade — 1 credit

The work done in this course is broadened and intensified with continued emphasis on communicative proficiency. At the conclusion of the course in June, students will take the Proficiency Exam as the final exam.

Spanish 2 — 10th Grade — 1 credit

The work done in Level 1 is broadened and intensified. Continued emphasis is on culture and communication. Specific attention is given to grammar, verb tenses, and vocabulary.

~ Required for Advanced Regents Diploma or 5-credit sequence in the Arts or CTE

Spanish 3 — 11th Grade — 1 credit

The students at this level take a Comprehensive Spanish examination at the end of the year. The continuing emphasis is on culture and communication. The passing of the final exam in the second language is required for students wishing to get an Advanced Regents Diploma unless they are enrolled in a 5-unit sequence in occupational education, art or music. If a student does not pass the final, local credit, if appropriate, will be awarded for the sequence completed.

~ Required for Advanced Regents Diploma or 5-credit sequence in the Arts or CTE

Spanish 4 (CN) — 12th Grade — 1 credit/3-6 college credits

This course provides the student with a reading, writing, listening and speaking knowledge of Spanish at a college level. In addition to language skills, the course provides an understanding of the civilization and culture of Spanish-speaking people. The course will be conducted entirely in Spanish. Prerequisite: Must past Spanish 3 Comprehensive Exam & Teacher Recommendation

AP Spanish Language & Culture — 11th-12th Grade — 1 credit/3 college credits

AP Spanish Language and Culture is equivalent to an intermediate level college course in Spanish. Students cultivate their understanding of Spanish language and culture by applying interpersonal, interpretive, and presentational modes of communication in real-life situations as they explore concepts related to family and communities, personal and public identities, beauty and aesthetics, science and technology, contemporary life, and global challenges.

Chinese 12 (3) — 12th Grade — 1 credit

This is the third year of traditional language studies. It is only available to students who have successfully completed Mandarin Chinese sequence of courses through Level 2b. Comprehensive exam in Chinese is given in June.

E.N.L. — 9th-12th Grade — No credit

This is an academic support class for students who are ELL (English Language Learners).

Naval Science 1 — 9th-12th Grade — 1 credit

PURPOSE: To introduce students to the meaning of citizenship, the elements of leadership, and the value of scholarship in attaining life goals; promote an awareness of the importance of a healthy lifestyle, including physical fitness, a proper diet, and controlling stress; drug awareness; provide the principles of health and first aid, geography and survival skills and an overview of Naval ships and aircraft. These elements are pursued at the fundamental level.

COURSE CONTENT: Includes introduction to the NJROTC program; introduction to Leadership, Citizenship and the American Government; introduction to Wellness, Fitness, and First Aid to include diet, exercise and drug awareness, introduction to Geography, Orienteering, Survival and Map Reading Skills; Financial Skills and introduction to the U. S. Navy.

Naval Science 2 — 9th-12th Grade — 1 credit

PURPOSE:  To build on the general introduction provided in Naval Science 1, to further develop the traits of citizenship and leadership, and to introduce cadets to the technical areas of naval science and the role of the U. S. Navy in maritime history and the vital importance of the world’s oceans to the continued well-being of the United States.  Prerequisite:  Naval Science 1

COURSE CONTENT:  Includes ongoing instruction into Leadership; introduction to Maritime History, including the American Revolution, Civil War, the rise of the U. S. to world power status, World Wars 1 and 2, the Cold War Era and the 1990s and beyond; introduction to Nautical Sciences to include Maritime Geography, Oceanography, Meteorology, Astronomy, and Physical Sciences.

Naval Science 3 — 9th-12th Grade — 1 credit

PURPOSE: Broaden the understanding of students in the operative principles of military leadership, the concept and significance of teamwork, the intrinsic value of good order and discipline in the accomplishment of objectives, and the importance of sea power and national security. Students gain a more in-depth knowledge of Naval ships and aircraft and an introduction to marine navigation and seamanship. Prerequisite: Naval Science 2

COURSE CONTENT: Includes instruction in Sea Power and National Security, Naval Operations and Support Functions, Military Law, and International Law and the Sea. Provides introduction to Ship Construction and Damage Control, Shipboard Organization and Watch Standing, Basic Seamanship, Marine Navigation, and Naval Weapons and Aircraft. Ongoing instruction in leadership, citizenship and discipline.

Naval Science 4 — 9th-12th Grade — 1 credit

PURPOSE: Focused primarily on practical leadership techniques and implementation. The intent is to assist seniors in understanding leadership and improving their leadership skills by putting them in positions of leadership, under supervision, then helping them analyze the reasons for their varying degrees of success throughout the year. Classroom activities include seminars, reading assignments, classroom presentations, and practical work with younger cadets. Seniors are mentored/guided in their preparation for life after high school to include college preparation, scholarship applications, and the variety of choices that are available to them. Prerequisite: Naval Science 3

COURSE CONTENT: Includes instruction in theoretical and applied aspects of leadership, training, and evaluation of performance. Students will become aware of the techniques used to create motivation, develop goals and activities for a work group, and the proper ways to set a leadership example.

Accounting (CN) — 11th-12th Grade — 1 credit/3 college credits

This course is an introduction to keeping business and financial records and covers the basic accounting cycle. The student will be able to keep a simple set of books upon completion of the course. It is an excellent course for students planning a career in business, finance and/or marketing. Academic students planning on majoring in accounting, business administration or computer science with a focus on business applications in college will find the course extremely beneficial once they are in a college program.

Business Applications/Management — 10th-12th Grade — .5 credit

This course presents a broad introduction to the functioning of business enterprise within the U.S. economic framework. Introduces economic systems, essential elements of business organization, production, human resource management, marketing, finance and risk management.

Keyboarding — 9th-12th Grade — .5 credit

This course is designed to increase student keyboarding skill through drill practice and reinforcement of correct techniques. Students will use word processing software to create, format and edit personal and business documents.

Business Law (CN) — 11th-12th Grade — 1 credit/3 college credits

Students will be introduced to the U.S. legal system, court procedures and jury processes. Studying business and practical law enables students to understand their legal rights and responsibilities as applied to contractual obligations, sales agreements, financial matters, buying and selling real estate and general consumer issues. This activity-centered course presents law from a practical, useful approach as it applies to everyday “real-life” situations. A variety of relevant films, speakers, field trip and activities are planned to reinforce classroom discussion.

Marketing — 11th-12th Grade — 1 credit

This course is designed to provide you with an introduction to marketing. The course focuses on key marketing concepts, the role of marketing within organizations, and the role of marketing in society. Students will have the opportunity to create commercials, promotional materials, and present sales promotions related to "real-life" products, services, and events.

Sport Management — 10th-12th Grade — .5 credit

This course offers students a look at the diverse, expanding field of sport and recreation. It is designed to provide a comprehensive look at the basic organizational structures found in the sport industry. Students will examine applications of managerial concepts and processes, and the ways in which organizations interact with each other and with the government.

Business Math — 11th-12th Grade — 1 credit

This course is designed to provide students with skills necessary to apply mathematics to financial operations. Topics include interest and discounts, credit and payments, taxes, financial analysis, statistics, charting and graphing, business operations and geometry. This course will also provide students with a liberal arts math full of relevance and applications. ~ Meets 3rd unit of Math

Entrepreneurship — 10th-12th Grade — .5 credit

This course will teach the skills and approaches to successfully evaluate and create new business opportunities. Emphasis is placed on projects and activity-based learning. Students will explore the complex tasks, expectations, and restrictions of individuals engaged in entrepreneurial activities. Students will progress through different methods for developing business ideas, the processes of starting a business, the acquisition of resources, and the key components of a business plan.

Fashion and Design  — 9th-12th Grade — .5 credit

Have you ever wanted to learn to knit or sew? In this class you will knit your own scarf and learn to sew a piece of clothing on the sewing machine. This course focuses on fashion, clothing and textiles. Get as creative as you would like by repurposing an old piece of clothing into a new functional object. You will also learn about the history of fashions and designers and make a scrapbook of design elements and principles in clothing. Career opportunities in the fashion industry will be explored. This course serves as a .5 Fine Art credit.

Interior Design — 9th-12th Grade — .5 credit

Do you like to decorate and redecorate your bedroom or house? In Interior Design class you will have the opportunity to work with color and texture to design your own “tiny house” and learn to draw floor plans. You will also make a pillow and a heat bag and maybe even a blanket on the sewing machine. Housing and furniture styles will also be researched. Career opportunities in this area will be explored. This course is a .5 Fine Art credit.

Food & Nutrition — 9th-12th Grade — .5 credit

Planning, preparing and serving nutritious food is the emphasis of the course. Nutritional needs of people, safety in food preparation and techniques of food preparation are covered. Students will specialize in refining skills of planning, selecting, purchasing and preparing nutritious food. They will work to have an in-depth experience in the selection and preparation of food for good nutrition. A variety of foods that are typical of a region of the United States and other countries of the world will be prepared.

International Foods — 9th-12th Grade — .5 credit

This course focuses on regional cuisine of the United States, international cuisine, advanced culinary techniques, current issues related to food in a global society, the future of the food supply in a global society and career pathways in gourmet and global foods.

Baking — 9th-12th Grade — .5 credit

If you have a sweet tooth - this class is for you! Have fun learning how to prepare sweet, fresh baked goods. Learn to bake an array of cookies, pies, muffins, and even bread and pizza dough. Create delicious no-bake pies and cookies as well. Class focuses on proper food preparation, kitchen cleanliness, safety and sanitation.

Design and Drawing for Production — 9th-12th Grade — 1 credit

This course covers the basic elements of technical drawing and design. Students will learn how to communicate ideas through sketching, technical drawing, and by using CAD and 3D modeling programs. Students will be given design challenges to solve. The solution will be built and tested. If you are interested in a career in engineering, construction, or manufacturing, this would be a good course for you. If you do not enjoy art or music courses, this would be a good class for you to take to meet your Fine Arts graduation requirement. ~ Meets the Fine Art Graduation Requirement

Applications of Technology — 9th-12th Grade — .5 credit

A hands-on course dealing with the applications of technology to a wide variety of student-made projects. The course will cover the selection and use of tools, resources, equipment and materials needed to manufacture numerous products. Students enrolled in this course will work with a variety of materials such as wood materials and plastics. Various processes will be investigated such as: casting and molding plastics, welding and brazing. Students will be involved in all aspects of production from product design and selection of raw materials to finishing product. Students will utilize computer-based technology to design, develop, model, test and manufacture prototypes.

World of Technology — 10th-12th Grade — 1 credit

This course meets graduation requirements for the 3rd unit of credit in Math, Science or Technology. This full-year course explores a wide range of topics from ancient siege engines to modern computers. Students will be involved in building many hands-on projects and competing with other students to prove their superior design and problem-solving abilities. The students will be working with hand tools, as well as computers and digital cameras. PowerPoint, CAD and web development tools will be incorporated to enrich the students’ learning experience in computer technology.

Residential Structures — 10th-12th Grade — .5 credit

A ½-unit elective for the Technology Education concentration. The course emphasizes learning and applying basic knowledge and skills of the construction industry. Within this study students will develop skills in plumbing, carpentry, and electrical work.

Photography — 10th-12th Grade — .5 credit

This is an introductory course into digital photography and photo editing. Students will learn digital photography while working at their own individual skill level. They will explore lighting, color, texture, composition and other subject matter, to achieve a solid grounding in both technical and creative photographic processes. This course also focuses on the processes of editing digital photographs in software like Adobe Photoshop.

Automotive Technology — 10th-12th Grade — .5 credit

A ½-unit course designed to provide a broad base of technical knowledge and skills within the field of automotive technology. Topics include career awareness, work habits and attitudes, basic automotive electricity and electronics, the subsystems of the automobile, their functions and maintenance. Environmental impacts of automobile use and disposal, workplace relations, and consumer issues are explored.

Robotics — 9th-12th Grade — .5 credit

This is an exploratory course in the construction and programming of autonomous robots (robots that perform their functions without direct human control). Students will write programs using NXT programming software. Using kits for constructing robots, students will: design and engineer robots to perform specific tasks, write programs for the robots to follow, evaluate and troubleshoot their solution to a task and optimize their designs.

Construction Systems — 10th-12th Grade — .5 credit

A ½-unit course providing instruction in the construction aspects of production. Topics have been specifically tailored to construction of a structure on a site. They include planning, sources of capital, and building foundations, superstructures, floors, walls, ceilings, and roofs. The impact of construction on the environment is addressed as well.

Electricity/Electronics — 10th-12th Grade — .5 credit

This lab class is made up of two 10-week modules. Electricity covers basic household wiring theory and practices, as well as an introduction to low voltage circuits commonly used in cars and in things like electric toys and models. Electronics covers an introduction to common electronic components and their uses. You’ll complete kit-type projects, which are yours to keep.

Principles of Engineering I/II — 10th-12th Grade — 1 credit

This survey course of engineering exposes students to some of the major concepts they’ll encounter in a postsecondary engineering course of study. Students have an opportunity to investigate engineering and high-tech careers and to develop skills and understanding of course concepts. Students employ engineering and scientific concepts in the solution of engineering design problems. They develop problem-solving skills and apply their knowledge of research and design to create solutions to various challenges. Students also learn how to document their work and communicate their solutions to peers and members of the professional community. This course is recommended for 10th or 11th grade students. ~ Recommended prerequisite: DDP

Publishing/Editing — 11th-12th Grade — 1 credit

Publishing is a course offered to students in their junior and senior years of high school who wish to actively participate in the yearbook. Every student will be assigned a section or more of the yearbook to complete. Students will be responsible to take pictures, write captions and sell advertisements. Students will be taught to use Adobe Indesign and Photoshop, as well as the importance of responsibility in meeting deadlines and communicating with clients and collaborators. Additional hours will extend outside the classroom time including after school hours.

3-D Modeling — 10th-12th Grade — .5 credit

This is an introductory course in creating three dimensional objects on a computer that could be used in animations, digital images, and video games. Students will be using a commercial quality modeling program to create, texture, animate, and render models. 3D modeling is a blend of technical skills and creativity. Patience, persistence, and attention to detail are foundational qualities of a good modeler. If you like to use your imagination and are also interested in digital art forms, this course is for you.

Product Design & Engineering — 10th-12th Grade — .5 credit

A ½-unit course recognizing the dramatic changes that have occurred in the way products are manufactured. Hands-on activities in the development, production and evaluation of manufactured goods will emphasize a team approach to manufacturing. Conventional and computer-aided manufacturing processes are explored with quality control and statistical analysis of manufacturing defects included.

STEPS: (1) Studio Art (2) Advanced Art 1 and/or any Intro/CN half-year course (3) Advanced Art 2 and/or any Intro/CN half-year course; (4) Advanced Art/ AP

Studio Art — 9th-12th Grade — 1 credit

This course is an introductory course that fulfills the fine arts requirement for graduation. This course will follow an art historical timeline that links the past to the present through art. Students will explore a variety of mediums used in art making. Students will learn the basic tools, techniques, and vocabulary relevant to each of the following mediums including, but not limited to, drawing, painting, printmaking, collage, ceramics, fiber arts, calligraphy and sculpture. Each step along the timeline of art history will offer students a choice of projects to create that encompass a variety of mediums. Students are expected to engage in notetaking, research, planning, producing and presenting a final work. This process will help students understand the Elements and Principles of Art and Design, The Nature of Art (aesthetics) and Movements of Art (history) as well as establish studio habits of mind. This course is a great opportunity for students to explore the world of art and identify the mediums they prefer to work with should they choose to continue studying and practicing visual art making. Student work may be displayed in any of the various show opportunities throughout the year. ~ Meets Fine Art Requirement

Advanced Art I — 10th-12th Grade — 1 credit

This year long course allows the student who discovered a love for art making during studio or has always had an interest to continue to learn tools and techniques beyond what was learned in studio art. Given guided lessons with many choices built in, students will begin to discover their own voice in art making and perhaps begin to develop their own style as well. Further discovery of other choices of medium will also be explored. Prerequisite: Studio Art & art teacher approval

Advanced Art II & III — 11th-12th Grade — 1 credit

Each of these courses offer a further exploration and comprehensive study in art. Focusing on four of the five disciplines lasting for ten weeks each: drawing, painting, printmaking, sculpture and media arts to be determined by student interest and leading to a concentration in art. In the years to follow, a student will be able to advance to the next level qualifying them to develop a greater understanding and appreciation of the arts. Each level will define its own expectation to the student. Each class will contain multiple levels giving the advanced students more independence under certain guidelines and circumstances. Students will create, perform, and participate in the arts, knowing and using a variety of art materials, mediums, and resources, responding to and analyzing works of art, and understanding cultural and historical dimensions and contributions of the arts. Students will be expected to keep a visual journal using a sketchbook format and portfolio, and complete homework assignments. Prerequisite: Studio Art and art teacher approval

Ceramics (CN) — 10th-12th Grade — .5 credit/3 college credits

This half-year course may be taken after the student has completed a full year of Studio Art. This course will build on basic techniques learned in studio art and continue to explore tools, techniques, and a variety of clay bodies to create unique artworks through guided prompts. This course is for the student who is interested in further study and experimentation of hand-building techniques to create strong pieces with the addition of advanced techniques for textures and finishes, a study of properties of glazes, and the history of ceramics through to contemporary art styles. Students will be expected to keep a visual journal using a sketchbook format and portfolio, and complete homework assignments. Prerequisite: Studio Art & art teacher approval and/or recommendation

Painting (CN) — 10th-12th Grade — .5 credit/3 college credits

This half-year course may be taken after the student has completed a full year of Studio Art. This course will build on basic techniques learned in studio art and continue exploring tools, techniques, and a variety of paint bodies to create unique artworks through guided prompts. Focus will be placed on building a strong and clear visual image as well as advanced color mixing and theory, and special application of mediums for textures. Students will explore painting from history through contemporary art styles. Students will be expected to keep a visual journal using a sketchbook format and portfolio, and complete homework assignments. Prerequisite: Studio Art & art teacher approval and/or recommendation

Advanced Ceramics — 11th-12th Grade  — .5 credit/3 college credits

This course of study is designed for the student who is interested in working with clay at a more advanced level and has already taken and passed Ceramics (CN). It includes the use of the potter’s wheel, creation of ceramic sculpture, and continued experimentation with various methods of hand-building and finishing techniques. Students will be expected to keep a visual journal using a sketchbook format and portfolio and complete homework assignments. Prerequisite: Studio Art & art teacher approval

AP Studio 2-D, 3-D, Drawing — 11th- 12th Grade — .5 credit

The AP Studio Art Course is for students interested in a rigorous and focused study in art. Students will develop a quality portfolio that demonstrates a mastery of concept, composition and execution in Drawing, 2-D or 3-D design. This course is based on a student creating a body of work that demonstrates quality, concentration and breadth. This portfolio will be submitted to the College Board for college credit. Students will be expected to keep a visual journal using a sketchbook format and portfolio, and complete homework assignments. Prerequisite: Advanced II and art teacher approval and/or recommendation.

Printmaking — 11th- 12th Grade — .5 credit

This course of study is designed for the student who is interested in working with printmaking and will explore the many methods used in creating prints. Students will be expected to keep a visual journal using a sketchbook format and portfolio, and complete homework assignments. Prerequisite: Studio Art

Advanced Printmaking — 11th- 12th Grade — .5 credit

This course of study is designed for the student who is interested in working with printmaking and will explore the many methods used in creating prints. Students will be expected to keep a visual journal using a sketchbook format and portfolio, and complete homework assignments. Prerequisite: Studio Art and Printmaking

Symphonic Band — 9th-12th Grade — .5 credit

Students who wish to perform more advanced literature in a wind ensemble setting may enroll in this course. Band members can expect to perform a variety of literature from the classical, jazz, pop, folk and contemporary genres at four yearly concerts. Students must already play a traditional band instrument, or make special arrangements with the director to fulfill this goal, to participate in symphonic band. Seating auditions may be held during the year. Materials and results can be obtained from the director. Students will also receive group lessons in which they learn basic music theory, history, and instrumental techniques. Rehearsals take place every other day and lesson and concert attendance is necessary to receive a ½ unit of study.

Concert Choir — 9th-12th Grade — .5 credit

Students who wish to perform in a vocal ensemble, as well as complete their state arts requirement for graduation may enroll in this course. Emphasis is placed on learning traditional choral literature in a variety of styles, including classical literature from each historical period, multicultural, folk, jazz, and Broadway music, and performance at four annual concerts and special events throughout the year. In certain years, some voice lesson groups may become ensembles (such as Chamber Choir men’s and women’s ensemble), which will perform on the Kaleidoscope Concert and other events. Students in Concert Choir will also receive weekly group voice lessons in which they learn basic music theory, history, and vocal techniques. Rehearsals take place every other day and lesson and concert attendance is necessary to receive a ½ unit of study.

Orchestra — 9th-12th Grade — .5 credit

Students who wish to further advance their knowledge and ability in an orchestral setting may enroll in this course. Orchestra members can expect to perform a variety of literature from the classical, folk and contemporary genres at four yearly concerts. Students must already play a traditional string instrument, or make special arrangements with the director to participate in orchestra. Seating auditions are held at the beginning of the year. Materials and results can be obtained from the director. Students will also receive group lessons in which they learn basic music theory, history, and instrumental techniques. Rehearsals take place every other day and lesson and concert attendance is necessary to receive a ½ unit of study.

Performance Theatre (CN) — 9th-12th Grade — 1 credit/3 college credits

This is a full-credit elective in which students study the elements of theatre production and history. Students will examine and engage in a variety of activities that relate to the stage including pantomime, storytelling, readers’ theatre, improvisation, monologues, scene study, play and musical study. Students will also study the history of theatre from the ancient Greeks, to Shakespeare, and Modern Theatre and how it developed and evolved in our society. Students in this class will become the production team for the annual school musical and learn the ins and outs of theatre, along with set design and construction which will lead to them developing their own dramatic revue to be performed in the spring. Students interested in this class must be willing to work alone and cooperatively in groups and perform in front of their peers. Students may repeat this course.

Music Appreciation & Theory (CN) — 9th-12th Grade — 1 credit/3 college credits

This class will focus on Music Theory, but add a Music Appreciation element 1-2 days a week that is theory related.

AP Music Theory (CN) — 9th-12th Grade — 1 credit/3 college credits

This is a one-credit music elective for students in grades 9-12, in which students study the elements of music. In this class, students will look at how music is put together and created, by studying key signatures, scales and elements of harmony, along with further developing their ear training skills through sight singing and aural dictations. Students will also compose original music and develop a broad sense of how music has evolved over the years by analyzing and studying different genres from different time periods. Students may repeat the course for advanced study of music theory. Students who are interested in becoming stronger musicians or wish to pursue a degree or minor in music are highly encouraged to take this class. Students wishing to complete a graduation sequence in music must have one year of this course. ~ Offered every other year

Music Theatre (CN) — 9th-12th Grade — 1 credit/3 college credits

Music theatre will focus on the history of music theatre. Students will explore the history of music theatre, learn ballads, upbeat numbers, scenes from musical theatre along with vocal and acting techniques. Students will also develop a performance resume and pieces to use for local musical and college auditions. Students in this class will become the production team for the annual school musical and learn the ins and outs of theatre, along with set design and construction which will lead to them developing their own dramatic revue to be performed in the spring. Students interested in this class must be willing to work alone and cooperatively in groups and perform in front of their peers. Students may repeat this course.

Piano Keyboard I — 10th-12th Grade — .5 credit

In this class, students will learn how to play simple piano pieces and how to play a melody and accompany themselves with chords on the piano. Students will also learn basic music theory as it pertains to the piano including reading notes and rhythms, scales, arpeggios and chords. Class size is limited to 12 due to the number of instruments. This course is ½ a credit.

Piano Keyboard II/III — 10th-12th Grade — .5 credit

In this class, students will further learn how to play more advanced piano pieces and how to play a melody and accompany themselves with chords on the piano. Students will also reinforce basic music theory as it pertains to piano including reading notes and rhythms, scales, arpeggios and chords. Class size is limited to 12 due to the number of instruments. Prerequisite: Students must have taken Piano Keyboard I or see Mr. Bunce if they take outside private lessons.

Guitar I & II — 9th-12th Grade — .5 credit

In this class, students will learn how to play simple guitar pieces and how to play a melody and accompany themselves with chords on the guitar. Students will also learn basic music theory as it pertains to the guitar including reading notes and rhythms, chords and symbols. Class size is limited to 12 due to the number of instruments.

Physical Education 9/10 — 9th-10th Grade — .5 credit

The program is designed to prepare students in the areas of social leadership, team, and recreational play, working with others, and life-long physical fitness and well-being. Students have instruction to refine and expand the skills taught and developed in most team and individual sports. Opportunities in classes are varied and provide students with the means to safely sample a wide spectrum of activities requiring skills and knowledge.

Physical Education 11/12 — 11th-12th Grade — .5 credit

This program places students in a less formal class that emphasizes application of skills mastered and the development of lifelong sports involvement, including an emphasis on wellness and fitness. There are also electives offered as modules within the classes that allow students to develop their own areas of interest.

Health — 10th Grade — .5 credit

This course continues the topics of wellness, safety, drug and alcohol dependence, substance abuse, human life cycle, AIDS, disease and its prevention, fitness and nutrition, self-esteem, goal-setting, decision-making and parenting. The goal of this course is to have the student develop a better understanding of the mind and body. The object is for a better-informed student to make more appropriate decisions in terms of his/her total well-being.

CPR — 10th-12th Grade — .25 credit

This hands-on skills training prepares you to respond to breathing and cardiac emergencies.

Freshman Seminar — 9th Grade — .5 credit

This course offered during ninth grade. Students practice the note-taking, time management, study, social and human relations skills they need every day in their academic and elective subjects and in their “real” lives outside of school.